PRACTICE 2 SUMMARIZING AND PARAPHRASING

Please read these folowing paragraph carefully. Then,write the summary and paraphrase of the paragraphs.

1. From Bliss, Michael. The Discovery of Insulin. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1982. Chapter 8, Section I, Paragraph 1, Page 190:

Most medical people despised the press, holding attitudes not totally unfamiliar today. Reporters tended to be suckers for every quack, half-quack, over-eager scientist, or naive country doctor who thought he had a serum to cure tuberculosis, a herbal remedy for cancer, or a new surgical procedure to rejuvenate the aged. When the newspapers were not wasting space on undeserving medical stories, they were over-playing legitimate news, getting their facts wrong, and generally making a nuisance of themselves interfering in the lives and practices of busy professionals. Doctors’ deep suspicion of what they read in the newspapers and even in the less-carefully edited of the medical journals, helps to explain some of the early skepticism about insulin in countries like Britain: Oh, the Americans are always curing everything; this week it’s diabetes. Even in Canada and the United States it was some months before there was enough confirmation of the unlikely news from Toronto to convince wire services and the more skeptical doctors and editors that insulin was, indeed, the real thing.

Summary:

Most medical people despised the press. Reporters tended to be suckers, half-quack, over-eager scientist, or naive country doctor who thought he had a serum to cure tuberculosis, a herbal remedy for cancer, or a new surgical procedure to rejuvenate the aged. They were over-playing, making a nuisance of themselves interfering in the lives of professionals. Doctors’ deep suspicion of what they read in the newspapers and edited of the medical journals. Even in Canada and the United States there was enough confirmation of the unlikely news to convince wire services and the more skeptical doctors and editors that insulin was, indeed, the real thing.

Paraphrase:

Most doctors hated the press, and today they do not have attitudes completely unknown. Reporters have often been suckers for all aged people who thought that he had serum to cure TB, a medicinal cure for cancer, or a new operation to help revive older men. A doctor was overly eager or a country doctor who thought that he had serums. In the event that journals didn't miss unworthy medical stories, they played over genuine news, made mistakes and generally annoyed themselves and interfered with the lives and practices of busy professionals. It helps explain a few early insulin neurotic tendencies in european nations such as Britain: Oh, the Americans ' cures are always all; diabetes is the week. Even in Canada and the United States it was several months before the improbable news from Toronto had been confirmed that insulin was the real thing, to persuade wire services and more skeptical doctors and publishers. 

2.  “[C]hronological consistency of cultural artifacts, including language, cannot really be seen as a defining feature of the Tolkienian narrative, however much the author seems to have wanted to make it so -- after the fact. As T.A. Shippey has pointed out, the Shire is Edwardian England, with postal service, pipes after dinner, teatime and ‘weskits’” (Straubhaar, 110).

Summary:

Chronological consistency of cultural artifacts, including language, cannot really be seen as a defining feature of the Tolkienian narrative

Paraphrase:

“The chronological coherence of cultural objects and also language, can not be fully seen as a characteristic feature of the narrative of Tolkien, it seems that the author wanted to do so after all. The Shire is Edwardian England, as T.A. Shippey , with postal service, after dinner pipes, tea and weskits” (Straubhaar, 110)

3. Another important difference between Canada and the United States was the existence of French Canada. Many of the immigrants to New France had left France at a time when liberal ideas were virtually non-existent, and hence they brought with them to the new land an attitude to the state and to society that was more tory-feudal than liberal. When liberal ideas were introduced, they were brought through the medium of the English-speaking protestants who came to settle after the Conquest and who were commercial as well as religious rivals of the French. It was such a situation that Lord Durham reported. He sought to impose on Quebec an authoritarian form of government, fearing that if Quebecers were given democratic rights in the mid-nineteenth century, they would use their power to prevent the development of a liberal society (Christian and Campbell, 1990, p. 282).

Summary:

Important difference between Canada and the United States was the existence of French Canada. Many immigrants to New France had left France. They were brought through the medium of the English-speaking protestants who came to settle after the Conquest when liberal ideas were introduced. He sought to impose on Quebec an authoritarian form of government, fearing that if Quebecers were given democratic rights in the mid-nineteenth century, they would use their power to prevent the development of a liberal society.

Paraphrase:

The existence of French Canada was another significant difference between Canada and the United States. At a time when liberal ideologies were virtually non-existent many immigrants into New France, they introduced to the new country an attitude more tory-feudal than liberal towards State and society. When liberal ideas came to light, the medium of the English-speaking Protestants, who settled after the conquest and were both commercial and religious competitors of the French, was introduced. Lord Durham has reported such a situation. He tried to impose a government dictatorial on Quebec, fearing if the people of Quebec did. (Christian and Campbell, 1990, p. 282).